Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used to calm inflammation and reduce immune system activity. It is taken by mouth as Decadron tablets or used in a combined bottle preparation, Tobradex, for selected eye conditions. Prescribers use it across several inflammatory and allergic problems, including some joint and brain swelling conditions.
Medicines containing Dexamethasone
Decadron
Inflammatory Conditions, Allergic States
0.5mg
Decadron dexamethasone tablets treat inflammatory conditions, allergic states, rheumatoid arthritis and cerebral oedema. This synthetic glucocorticoid is supplied in one strength and several pack sizes. You can compare the price per tablet across options.
Key points
- Dexamethasone binds glucocorticoid receptors and lowers the production of inflammatory mediators.
- Decadron tablets contain 0.5mg dexamethasone; Tobradex combines tobramycin and dexamethasone in a bottle.
- Adrenal suppression is serious and needs immediate medical attention; the dose should be tapered before stopping.
What it is and what it is used for
Dexamethasone is prescribed for inflammatory conditions and allergic states, where swelling and immune overactivity need to be reduced. It is also used in rheumatoid arthritis and to manage cerebral oedema. The Tobradex combination is used for conjunctivitis and blepharitis. These uses cover both body-wide inflammatory problems and eye conditions.
How it works
Dexamethasone is a potent synthetic glucocorticoid. It attaches to glucocorticoid receptors inside cells, which cuts the production of inflammatory mediators and lowers immune system activity. Its effect usually begins within 1–2 hours and lasts for 1–3 days.
Forms and brands on MayChemist
Dexamethasone appears as Decadron 0.5mg tablets and as Tobradex 0.1/0.3% in a bottle, a combination with tobramycin. Decadron is the oral tablet form. Tobradex is the bottle preparation. Orders are shipped to Malaysia from pharmacy partners in India in discreet packaging.
Before using dexamethasone
Do not use dexamethasone if you have a systemic fungal infection or are hypersensitive to corticosteroids. Tell your doctor about diabetes or high blood sugar, a history of ulceration, and any plans for vaccines. Dexamethasone may suppress the immune response, so this discussion matters before treatment starts. Blood sugar needs monitoring during treatment, and the dose should be tapered before it is stopped. It is used in adults and children.
Side effects and interactions
Minor effects include insomnia, increased appetite and mood changes. Fluid retention, hypertension and hyperglycaemia are moderate effects. Adrenal suppression is serious and requires immediate medical attention. Rifampicin and antidiabetic agents can interact with dexamethasone, and vaccines need discussion because immune response may be suppressed. Use in pregnancy only if essential. Small amounts may enter breast milk; monitor the infant.
Further reading
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